Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis with Osteoarticular and Miliary Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report
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Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic fungal infection endemic in Latin America, primarily affecting the lungs and mucocutaneous tissues. Osteoarticular involvement is uncommon and may mimic bacterial or mycobacterial diseases. We describe a disseminated PCM case in an immunocompetent 37-year-old woman presenting with ankle monoarthritis and diffuse miliary pulmonary infiltrates. Histopathology confirmed multiple-budding yeast forms of Paracoccidioides spp., while cultures and serological tests were negative. The patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B followed by oral itraconazole, achieving complete clinical and radiological recovery. PCM should be considered in endemic regions when musculoskeletal lesions coexist with pulmonary findings, even in immunocompetent hosts.
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