Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumour and Pernicious Anemia in a Young Male: Case Report
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Gastric neuroendocrine tumours (G-NETs) are rare, but incidence is increasing due to the broader use of endoscopy. Most of them are asymptomatic and incidentally detected on endoscopy. Their prognosis is associated with histological grade. Type 1 G-NETs are the most common subtype and are typically associated with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and pernicious anaemia (PA), conditions that impact cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) absorption. The authors report a case of a 44-year-old male with paresthesias of upper and lower limbs, cyanocobalamin deficiency, positive parietal cell antibodies and severe sensory motor polyneuropathy. Upper endoscopy revealed CAG and gastric polyp. Histopathology confirmed a well-differentiated type 1 G-NET. He was treated with cyanocobalamin supplementation and mucosectomy. Surveillance endoscopy was recommended. This case highlights the diagnostic complexity of type 1 G-NETs in young patients with PA, demonstrating the connection between these conditions and underscores the importance of multidisciplinary management strategies.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Frediano Inzani, Alessandro Vanoli, Guido Rindi. Pathological Classification: Gastroenteropancreatic, Thoracic, and Rare Non-endocrine Sites. Neuroendocrine Neoplasia. 2024 Jun;1-17. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67823-4-2_1.
Panzuto F, Ramage J, et al. European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2023 guidance paper for gastroduodenal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) G1–G3. J Neuroendocrinol. 2023;35:e13306. doi:10.1111/jne.13306.
Jacobson BC, Bhatt A, Greer KB, Lee LS, Park WG, Sauer BG, Shami VM. ACG clinical guideline: diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 2023;118:46-58. doi:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002100.
Modica R, Liccardi A, Minotta R, Cannavale G, Benevento E, Colao A. Current understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2024;19:49-61. doi:10.1080/17446651.2023.2279540.
Panzuto F, Ramage J, Pritchard DM, et al. European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) 2023 guidance paper for gas-troduodenal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) G1-G3. J Neuroendocrinol. 2023;35:e13306. doi:10.1111/jne.13306.
Gopakumar H, Jahagirdar V, Koyi J, Dahiya DS, Goyal H, Sharma NR, Perisetti A. Role of advanced gastrointestinal en-doscopy in the comprehensive management of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15:4175. doi:10.3390/cancers15164175.
Karam K, Saleh S, Chebbo H, Jalloul S, Fiani E. The investigation of B12 deficiency leading to the serendipitous diagnosis of gastric carcinoid tumour. EJCRIM. 2024;11. doi:10.12890/2024_004673.
Rudolph JJ, Agyei O, Telvizian T, et al. Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors and Pernicious Anemia: A Case Report and Litera-ture Review. Cureus. 2024 Nov 12;16(11):e73553. doi:10.7759/cureus.73553.
Castellana C, Eusebi LH, Dajti E, et al. Autoimmune atrophic gastritis: A clinical review. Cancers (Basel). 2024;16:1310. doi:10.3390/cancers16071310.
Massironi S, Gallo C, Elvevi A, Stegagnini M, Coltro LA, Invernizzi P. Incidence and prevalence of gastric neuroendocrine tumors in patients with chronic atrophic autoimmune gastritis. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2023;15:1451-60. doi:10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1451.
Nanda Gopal S, Vakati D, Palanisamy S, et al. A Rare Case of Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor in a Patient With Vitamin B12 Deficiency. Cureus. 2024 Sep 9;16(9):e68968. doi:10.7759/cureus.68968.
Serjilus A, Zimmer SK, Bush AM, et al. Unmasking the Silent Culprit: Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor in the Setting of Iron Deficiency Anemia. Cureus. 2025 Jun 14;17(6):e86010. doi:10.7759/cureus.86010.
Cortés-Marín EE, González-Rodríguez JC, Cristofori M, et al. Gastric Type 1 Neuroendocrine Tumor in an Elderly Patient: A Case Report and Diagnostic Approach Review. Cureus. 2025 Jul 7;17(7):e87429. doi:10.7759/cureus.87429.
Sok C, Ajay PS, Tsagkalidis V, Kooby DA, Shah MM. Management of gastric neuroendocrine tumors: a review. Ann Surg Oncol. 2024;31:1509-18. doi:10.1245/s10434-023-14712-9.
Jadalah K, Awadi E, Alawneh K, Khassawneh B. Association between vitamin B12 level and anti-parietal cells and an-ti-intrinsic factor antibodies among adult Jordanian patients with Helicobacter pylori infection. Braz J Infect Dis. 2013;17(6):629–632. doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2013.01.009.