Achados clínicos do paciente com Osteonecrose dos Ossos Maxilares associada ao uso de Bisfosfonatos: uma Revisão Integrativa
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Abstract
A osteonecrose dos maxilares associada a medicamentos (ONMM) pode ser definida como a presença de osso necrótico exposto, ou que pode ser explorado através de uma fístula, no território maxilofacial, mantido por um período mínimo de 8 semanas, sem histórico clínico de tratamento por radioterapia na área. O presente estudo buscou, mediante a realização de um estudo de revisão integrativa, a partir da busca de estudos de casos clínicos, descrever o perfil clínico do paciente diagnosticado com ONMM associado ao uso de bisfosfonatos. Foi possível identificar que há um número significativo de relatos de casos que demonstram o impacto da ocorrência de osteonecrose nos maxilares associados à medicamentos, especialmente os relacionados ao grupo dos bisfosfonatos. Além disto, destacou-se que o principal bisfosfonato associado à ocorrência de osteonecrose foi o Ácido Zoledrônico, seguido do Aledronato de Sódio, predominantemente utilizado para o tratamento de distintos tipos de doenças, tais como osteoporose e até mesmo câncer de próstata, e câncer de mama. Também foram identificados relatos que demonstram a importância clínica de avaliação de osteonecrose em pacientes com diagnóstico de osteoporose que faz uso de bisfosfonatos.
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